Sunstroke

Introduction

Even though the sun is primarily known for causing sunburn, it can also be responsible for other ailments, particularly sunstroke and heatstroke. These conditions can be mild and resolve spontaneously, but they can also be severe, sometimes even fatal. This is referred to as hyperthermia.

Sunstroke is a condition caused by an increase in body temperature and is manifested by various symptoms: fatigue, headaches, dry mouth, rapid heartbeat, nausea, and in severe cases, visual disturbances and apathy.

Causes

The main risk factor for sunstroke is prolonged exposure to the sun, especially when hydration is insufficient. The number of victims is generally underestimated, as the consequences of sunstroke are often mild.

Young children and the elderly are the most sensitive; the former have a much lower water reserve than adults, while the latter often do not drink enough and are frequently weakened by illnesses.

Treatments

A person suffering from sunstroke should, of course, be quickly moved to the shade, ideally in a cool place. It is essential to give them something to drink, preferably water. They should be cooled down with damp cloths or, if their condition allows, with a cool shower.

Rest is also essential until the symptoms disappear. If the person is experiencing headaches, a pain reliever can be given.

Caution

The line between simple sunstroke and a more severe heatstroke can be difficult to distinguish. If there is a general deterioration in condition or the presence of vomiting, urgent medical advice is necessary.

To learn more

Consult a doctor